Jesus College, Oxford, principal Lord Krebs said carbon charges were not the cause of high energy bills.

He took part in a debate in the House of Lords ahead of an attempt to force the Government to set a target to substantially decarbonise electricity generation by 2030.

Lord Krebs, a member of the Lords Climate Change Committee, said average household energy bills had risen by more than £500 between 2004 and 2012 and only £30 of that, or six per cent, was due to investment in low carbon.